How To Build a Fence
To build a structurally sound fence, you must establish a perfectly level string line and secure posts at a depth of at least 600mm using rapid-setting concrete. For a standard 1.8m (6ft) run, the industry standard involves using 2.4m posts to ensure roughly one-third of the timber is anchored underground.
Key Takeaways
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Preparation: Clear the boundary and verify underground utility locations before any excavation.
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PPE: Wear steel-toed boots, heavy-duty gloves, and eye protection – especially when handling concrete or cutting timber.
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Foundation: Use postcrete for a rapid, high-strength bond that resists lateral wind loads.
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Gradient: Use a “stepping” technique for sloped ground to maintain structural alignment.
Disclaimer: This article is intended as a general guide only. Each project is unique, and requirements can vary depending on location, ground conditions, and planning regulations. Always check with your local planning authority and seek professional advice if youâre unsure about any part of your fencing installation.
1. Preparation: The Foundation of Every Build
Before purchasing fencing, site preparation is mandatory to avoid boundary disputes or structural failure. Clear a 1-metre wide path along the fence line, removing shrubs, debris, and old footings.
Required Tools and PPE
Construction is physically demanding; utilising the correct kit is essential for safety and accuracy.
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PPE: High-grip work gloves (for splinter protection), safety goggles, and steel-toed boots.
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Layout: String line, spirit level, and measuring tape.
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Digging: Dig fence post holes using a manual clamshell digger or a power auger for larger runs.
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Fixing: Impact driver, galvanised nails or screws, and a heavy-duty mallet.
2. Choosing Your System: Panels vs. Feather Edge
When selecting the correct materials and components, you must choose a system that suits your skill level and the site’s topography.
| Feature | Fence Panels | Feather Edge Boards |
| Install Speed | High â pre-assembled units. | Lower â boards nailed individually. |
| Adaptability | Low â difficult to adjust for odd widths. | High â can be cut to any length or height. |
| Durability | Moderate â standard waney lap. | High â robust, overlapping timber. |
| Best For | Level ground and DIYers. | Slopes and bespoke boundaries. |
3. The Installation Process: Material Variations
The mechanics of your build change based on whether you use timber or masonry supports.
Using Concrete vs. Wooden Posts
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Concrete fence posts: These are the recognised standard for longevity. They feature “slots” where panels slide in. They require no fixings but are significantly heavier to install.
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Wooden fence posts: These offer a traditional look and are easier to handle. Panels or fence rails are nailed or screwed directly into the timber.
Managing Slopes and Uneven Ground
On a gradient, do not try to follow the angle of the ground. Instead, “step” the fence.
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Keep the top of the panels perfectly horizontal.
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Step the height down at each post.
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Fill the resulting triangular gap at the bottom with gravel boards. Concrete gravel boards are particularly effective here as they can be partially buried to level the ground.
4. Step-by-Step Execution
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Setting the Line: Establish your “Master Posts” at the start and end of the run. Use a string line pulled taut between them to keep intermediate fence posts perfectly straight.
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Fixing the Foundation: Place your post in the hole. Add postcrete, then water. Check for plumb immediately; Postcrete sets in minutes.
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Installing the Infill: * If using panels, secure them to wooden posts with U-brackets or slide them into concrete slots.
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If building a closeboard fence, fix three fence rails and overlap boards by 25mm.
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Ground Protection: Fix wooden gravel boards at the base to keep your main panels off the damp earth.
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Capping: Protect the end-grain of timber posts by fitting fence post caps.
FAQs
Can I build a fence without digging?
In some scenarios, fence post spikes or bolt-down post supports can be used. These are typically the best choice for low-height decorative fencing or installations on existing concrete slabs.
How do I handle a single broken post?
You don’t always need a full rebuild. See our guide on replacing fence panels and repairing timber fencing for targeted maintenance.
What is the “Pro Secret” for wind resistance?
Always leave a 5mm gap between the top of your gravel board and the bottom of your panel. This prevents moisture trap and allows minimal air movement to reduce the “sail effect” during gales.
Project-First Recommendation
For the majority of UK garden projects, the best starting point is pressure-treated timber panels paired with postcrete. View our full range of fence posts and specifications here.
If your project involves complex gradients, feather edge fence boards are typically the best choice to ensure a professional, seamless finish.
